# ART10_Targets_Target

Description:
1.4.1 GES is defined by the habitat  "1140-3 Midlittoral sands with Donacilla cornea" regaining its historical distribution area


Description:
1.4.1 GES is defined by the habitat "1110-3b Shallow sands with Donax trunculus" regaining its historical distribution area


Description:
1.4.1 GES is defined by the habitat "1170-10 Infralittoral soft rock with Pholadidae" regaining its historical distribution area


Description:
1.5.1 GES is defined as the habitat "1140-3 Midlittoral sands with Donacilla cornea" maintaining its present extent


Description:
1.5.1 GES is defined as the habitat "1110-3b Shallow sands with Donax trunculus" maintaining its present extent


Description:
1.5.1 GES is defined as the habitat "1170-10 Infralittoral soft rock with Pholadidae" maintaining its present extent


Description:
1.6.1 GES is defined by the population of the characteristic species - the bivalve Donacilla cornea - attaining densities equal or larger than the threshold


Description:
1.6.1. GES is defined by the population of the characteristic species- the bivalve Donax trunculus-  attaining densities equal or larger than the threshold


Description:
1.6.1. GES is defined by the population of the characteristic species- the bivalve Pholas dactylus-  attaining densities equal or larger than the threshold


Description:
5.2.3 GES could be achieved as diminishing biomass of opportunistic macroalgae  and effects nearby land based sources


Description:
The Anchovy fising effort should be diminished with 240%


Description:
Maintaining a stable distribution area for Cystoseira barbata  community.


Description:
Cytoseira barbata population will attain densities larger than the present registered ones.


Description:
The Dogfish fising effort should be diminished with 15%


Description:
The Sprat fising effort should be diminished with 25%


Description:
The Turbot fising effort should be diminished with 600%


Description:
The Whiting fising effort should be diminished with 65%


Description:
Maintaining a stable distribution area for Zostera noltii community.


Description:
Zostera noltii population will attain densities larger than the present registered ones.


Description:
5.1.1  DIP-GES is determined by stable levels in the off shore areas and decreasing levels nearby land based sources, especially WWTPs of major cities. Regarding river input, we cannot make any prediction because depends on the hydrological regime which, seasonally influence the ecosystem variability. However, the efforts to reduce phosphorus input were found in the some recovering signals of the NW Black Sea.


Description:
5.1.1 DIN-GES is determined by decreasing levels in the off shore areas and decreasing levels nearby land based sources, especially WWTPs of major cities and fluvial input up


Description:
5.1.2 Taking into consideration the mean ratio N/P from the intense eutrophication period (1980-1995) and the increasing values from the post eutrophication interval, due to phosphate decrease GES could be establish for N/P between 10-16.


Description:
5.2.1 GES could be achieved through decreasing actual chlorophyll a concentrations, particularly in summer, nearby land based sources


Description:
5.2.2 GES - Transparency  could be represented by the interval 3.0-9.0m.


Description:
5.2.4 GES could be defined as a stable ratio between diatoms and dinoflagellates nearby land based sources.


Description:
5.3.1 GES could be represented by stable spatial distribution of perennial species (Cystoseira, Zostera)


Description:
5.3.2 GES could be achieved by keeping 75% of measured values of dissolved oxygen in the specific interval attribute to water column, 275-365µM.


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentration of of heavy metals in water to be maintained within the national, european, or regional environmental quality standards


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentration of of heavy metals in biota to be maintained within the national, european, or regional environmental quality standards


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentration of PAHs in water do not exceed the limits set out by 2008/105/EC.


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentrations of PAH in sediments to be maintained within the current limits.


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentration of TPHs in water do not exceed the limits set out by national legislation.


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentrations of TPHs in sediments to be maintained within the current limits.


Description:
8.1.1. The concentration of synthetic persistent organic pollutants in water do not exceed the limits set out by 2008/105/EC.


Description:
8.1.1. The concentrations of synthetic persistent organic pollutants in sediments to be maintained within the current limits.


Description:
8.1.1. The concentrations of synthetic persistent organic pollutants in biota to be maintained within the current limits.


Description:
8.1.1. Indicator level: Concentration of the contaminants mentioned above, measured. The concentration of of heavy metals insediment to be maintained within the national, european, or regional environmental quality standards


Description:
Maintaining healthy stocks of dolphins (Delfinus, Tursiops and Phocoena) for distribution and population size criteria.


# ART8_GES_ElementStatus

Element:
Total cyclodiene pesticides (aldrin + dieldrin + endrin + isodrin)


Element:
Total DDT (DDT, p,p' + DDT, o,p' + DDE, p,p' + DDD, p,p')


# ART9_GES_GESDetermination

GESDescription:
1.4.1 GES could be defined by the habitat  "1140-3 Midlittoral sands with Donacilla cornea" regaining its historical distribution area.


GESDescription:
5.2.2. Transparency was assessed from historical data, 1970-2007, N=2434, on stations with depths 0-50m. The values oscillated within 0.2-26. The long term trend highlights the decreasing trend since ‘70s and. Within 1970-2007, transparency oscillated seasonally within 2.0-7.5m and spatial within 1.7-9.0m and the national legislation establish the limit for ecological state to 2.0m. The variability interval is 3.0-9.0m shared as follows: poor <2m, moderate 2-3m, good 3-5m, very good >5m. GES could be represented by the interval 3.0-9.0m.. 5.2.4. The reference data analysis for the coastal waters emphasized the diatoms dominance with 54% of total species followed by dinoflagellates, 31%. The others group species represented 15.  The ecological groups composition, due to salinity resistance, the freshwate - brackishwater species represents 18% the dominance being of marine and brackish water species, 82%. The quality status assessment, based only the phytoplankton taxonomic composition need special adjustments. However, GES could be defined as a stable ratio between diatoms and dinoflagellates nearby land based sources..


GESDescription:
5.3.1. GES could be represented by stable spatial distribution of perennial species (Cystoseira, Zostera).. 5.3.2. At the Romanian Black Sea coast there are not permanent hypoxic areas, the events being more correlated with climatic factors than biological ones. The hypoxic events were seasonally found only in the warm period. The statistic analysis of the historical data from East Constanta transect, led to the establishment of the specific interval of the water column (0-50m) as 275.0-365.0μM,   (50% of values from 1963-2007). The interval was shared as follows: poor <100µM, moderate 100.0-275.0µM, good 275.0-400.0µM, very Good >400.0µM.  GES could be achieved by keeping 75% of measured values in the specific interval attribute to water column..


GESDescription:
For high ecological status the EEI (Ecological Evalution Index) index takes values between 8 and 10; for good  ecological status the EI index takes values between 6 and 8;  for moderate ecological status the EI index takes values from 4 to 6; for poor ecological status the EI index takes values from 2 to 4 and for bad ecological status the index takes values from 0 to 2.. GES could be defined by the population of the Phocena phocoena attaining densities larger that the present registeres ones..


GESDescription:
1.6.1. GES is defined by the population of the characteristic species- the bivalve Donacilla cornea-  attaining densities equal or larger than the threshold.


GESDescription:
2.1. Nonindigenous species do not became invasive species, according to the definition of "Invasive" by UE IUCN 2002-IUCN Guidelines for the preventions of biodiversity loss caused by aline invasive species..


GESDescription:
2.2.Criterion level: Environmental impact ofinvasive non-ingenous species. GES _NIS_could be defined as when the environmental impact of invasive non-indigenous species do not lead to an undesirable disturbance to the balance of native species on the local ecosystem..


GESDescription:
3.1. Horse mackrel - HMM - Maintaining GES when fishing mortality for horse mackrell is not increasing..


GESDescription:
Lentidium mediterraneum (LenMedCom) GES could be defined as the community maintaining a stable distribution area.. Modiolula phaseolinus (MoPhaseCom) GES could be defined as the community maintaining a stable distribution area..


GESDescription:
5.1.1. For coastal waters, ecological status characterization was performed using "Studies on the development of classification and comprehensive assessment of the status of surface water (transitional waters and coastal waters) as required by the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC on the basis of biological chemical and hydromorphological elements", for natural water bodies and heavily modified water bodies", developed by the National Institute for Marine Research and Development,,Grigore Antipa". The period studied was 2007-2011, data from national monitoring network. Determined by comparing annual averages of concentrations in the water column, it was found that N-NH4 values ​​were exceeded in the whole period, O2 values ​​were rated in good ecological condition, and the values ​​N-NO3, N-NO2, P-PO4, BOD5 reached benchmark status.. 5.1.1. For transitional waters, ecological status characterization was performed using "Studies on the development of classification and comprehensive assessment of the status of surface water (transitional waters and coastal waters) as required by the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC on the basis of biological chemical and hydromorphological elements", for natural water bodies and heavily modified water bodies", developed by the National Institute for Marine Research and Development,,Grigore Antipa". The period studied was 2007-2011, data from national monitoring network. Determined by comparing annual averages of concentrations in the water column, it was found that N-NH4 values ​​were exceeded in the whole period, O2 values ​​were rated in good ecological condition, and the values ​​N-NO3, N-NO2, P-PO4, BOD5 reached benchmark status.. 5.1.2. Within 1959-2011, at Constanţa, the molar ratios oscillated according to nutrients concentrations. Generally, values have been close to Danube’s ratios, especially within 2000-2007, confirming the river input influence. Taking into consideration the mean ratio N/P from the intense eutrophication period (1980-1995) and the increasing values from the post eutrophication interval, due to phosphate decrease GES could be establish for N/P between 10-16..


GESDescription:
1.5.1 GES could be defined as the habitat "1110-3b Shallow sands with Donax trunculus" maintaining its present extent.


GESDescription:
8.1.1. Water: Concentrations of heavy metals in the Romanian marine waters observed during 2006 - 2011 recorded the following average values and range of variation: copper 10,02 ±13,77 µg/L (0,01-93,51 µg/L); cadmium 0,99 ± 1,26 µg/L (0,01-18,32 µg/L); lead 3,78 ± 6,03 µg/L (0,01-51,97 µg/L); nickel 3,65 ± 4,40 µg/L (0,01-30,59 µg/L); chromium 3,84 ± 6,26 µg/L (0,01-59,74 µg/L) .  In relation to environmental quality standards in the field of water recommended by national legislation (Order 161/2006 for approving the Norms on surface water quality classification to determine the ecological status of water bodies), the percentage of samples investigated in the period 2006-2011 which exceed the proposed limits vary by element, area, season, special hydrological events as follows: 7.8% copper, cadmium 1.2%, 9.4% lead, nickel and chromium 0%. Differences in spatial distribution of heavy metal concentrations in marine waters highlights in some cases river contribution (Danube) in the northern sector (lead, nickel, chromium) and terrestrial sources of pollution in the southern sector (lead, chromium) (harbours, WWTPs: Mangalia, Constanta South). In comparison, the values observed in marine waters along the East Constanta transect that goes up to 30 nm far from the shore are often reduced (copper, cadmium, chromium) . Different trends, depending on the element, were noticed. In general, the annual values  fall within specific areas of multiannual variability, with some trends of stabilization in recent years (eg, nickel). Slight increase in recent times have been observed for copper and lead, while a slight diminishing of chromium and cadmium was observed..


# CostOfDegradationType

CostOfDegradationType:
Residual impacts, with reference to the current legislation objectives


# ElementCodeSources

Link:
Link to other vocabulary or code lists that may be relevant


Conditional:
Eutrophication (D5) and contaminants (D8-D9)


# Features

Subject:
Uses and human activities in or affecting the marine environment


Feature:
All activities related to cultivation of living resources


Feature:
Aquaculture – marine, including infrastructure


Feature:
All activities related to extraction of living resources


Feature:
Fish and shellfish harvesting (professional, recreational)


Feature:
Hunting and collecting for other purposes


Feature:
All activities related to extraction of non-living resources


Feature:
Extraction of minerals (rock, metal ores, gravel, sand, shell)


Feature:
Extraction of oil and gas, including infrastructure


Feature:
Military operations (subject to Article 2(2))


Feature:
All activities related to production of energy


Feature:
Transmission of electricity and communications (cables)


Feature:
Renewable energy generation (wind, wave and tidal power), including infrastructure


Feature:
Research, survey and educational activities


Feature:
All activities related to physical restructuring of rivers, coastline or seabed

Theme:
Physical restructuring of rivers, coastline or seabed (water management)


Feature:
Canalisation and other watercourse modifications


Feature:
Offshore structures (other than for oil/gas/renewables)


Feature:
Restructuring of seabed morphology, including dredging and depositing of materials


Feature:
All activities related to tourism and leisure


Subject:
Structure, functions and processes of marine ecosystems


Feature:
All ecosystem services related to provision of energy


Feature:
All ecosystem services related to mediation of flows


Feature:
Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates


Theme:
Underpinning and/or enhancing physical and intellectual interactions


Feature:
All ecosystem services underpinning physical and intellectual interactions


Feature:
Experiential use of plants, animals and land-/seascapes in different environmental settings


Feature:
Physical use of land-/seascapes in different environmental settings


Feature:
All ecosystem services underpinning spiritual, symbolic and other interactions

Theme:
Underpinning and/or enhancing spiritual, symbolic and other interactions


Feature:
All ecosystem services related to maintenance of physical, chemical and biological conditions

Theme:
Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions


Feature:
Global climate regulation by reduction of greenhouse gas concentrations

Sub-theme:
Atmospheric composition and climate regulation


Sub-theme:
Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection


Feature:
Maintaining Nursery Populations and Habitats


Feature:
Materials from plants, algae and animals for agricultural use


Feature:
All ecosystem services related to provision of materials


Feature:
Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing


Feature:
All ecosystem services related to nutrition


Feature:
All ecosystem services related to mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances

Theme:
Mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances


Feature:
Filtration/sequestration/storage/accumulation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals


Feature:
Bio-remediation by micro-organisms, algae, plants, and animals


Feature:
Commercially exploited fish and shellfish


Feature:
Offshore circalittoral rock and biogenic reef


Feature:
All physical and hydrological characteristics


Subject:
Anthropogenic pressures on the marine environment


Feature:
Loss of, or change to, natural biological communities due to cultivation of animal or plant species


Feature:
Disturbance of species (e.g. where they breed, rest and feed) due to human presence


Feature:
Extraction of, or mortality/injury to, wild species (by commercial and recreational fishing and other activities)


Feature:
Input of genetically modified species and translocation of native species


Feature:
Input or spread of non-indigenous species


Subject:
Pressure levels and impacts in marine environment


Feature:
All pressures related to inputs of substances, litter and energy


Feature:
Input of other substances (e.g. synthetic substances, non-synthetic substances, radionuclides) – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition, acute events


Feature:
Input of litter (solid waste matter, including micro-sized litter)


Feature:
Input of nutrients – diffuse sources, point sources, atmospheric deposition


Feature:
Input of organic matter – diffuse sources and point sources


Feature:
Input of other forms of energy (including electromagnetic fields, light and heat)


Feature:
Input of anthropogenic sound (impulsive, continuous)


Feature:
Input of water – point sources (e.g. brine)


# GESComponents

Description:
Area covered by the species (for sessile/benthic species)


Description:
Mean maximum length across all species found in research vessel surveys


Description:
Nutrient ratios (silica, nitrogen and phosphorus)


Description:
Frequency of regulatory levels being exceeded


Description:
D11C2 – Anthropogenic continuous low-frequency sound


Description:
D1C1 – Mortality rate from incidental by-catch


Description:
D1C3 - Population demographic characteristics


Description:
D1C4 - Population distributional range and pattern


Description:
D5C6 - Opportunistic macroalgae of benthic habitats


Description:
D5C7 - Macrophyte communities of benthic habitats


Description:
D5C8 - Macrofaunal communities of benthic habitats


Description:
D6C2 - Physical disturbance to the seabed


Description:
D6C3 – Adverse effects from physical disturbance


Description:
D7C1 – Permanent alteration of hydrographical conditions


Description:
D7C2 – Adverse effects from permanent alterations of hydrographical conditions


Description:
D8C3 – Significant acute pollution events


Description:
D8C4 – Adverse effect of significant acute pollution events


# IntegrationRules

Description:
If two variables do not meet the required standard, good status is not achieved.


Description:
The use of hierarchical approaches to structure indicator inclusion and group is very common. The added structure provides the ability to output intermediate CIs that aid in the interpretation of the overall CI/AI. The nesting of associated indicators into clusters greatly improves the clarity of the aggregation process. Weightings are equal for each indicator and typical of when there is not enough information on the influence of individual indicators.


Description:
Hierarchical layers and clustering of input indicators is used to structure and order the aggregation. Weightings are variable between indicators and can be allocated according to multivariate analysis, expert judgement or based on theoretical assumptions regarding value. Weights can be applied to either individual indicators or to clustered indicators.


Description:
Often hierarchically-structured and have inputs clustered by metric. Weights can be variable or equal. Calculation is undertaken with complex approaches such as summation, multiplication or bespoke formulae operations.


Description:
Use predefined statistical procedures. Commonly applied methods include Factor Analysis, Discriminate analysis and Principal Components Analysis


Description:
Combination of variables/indicators into a flat structure with no intermediate aggregation. Weightings are equal for all indicators and is atypical approach used when there is not enough information on the influence of individual indicators. This method is the most basic of quantitative aggregations, and is more common for indicator production. Averaging can be arithmetic or geometric.


Description:
Combination of variables/indicators into a flat structure with no intermediate aggregation. Weightings are variable between indicators and can be allocated according to multivariate analysis, expert judgement or based on theoretical assumptions regarding value.


Description:
All variables have to achieve good status.


Description:
‘High-level integration’ assessment results for three groups: biological indicators, hazardous substances, indicators and supporting indicators, each applying OOAO.


Description:
Spatial analysis where layers are combined using different functions to produce an integrated output.


Description:
A specific proportion of the variables have to achieve good status.


Description:
Uses specific decision rules to integrate elements into a quality assessment.


# NACECodes

Label:
Exploitation of offshore wind energy for producing electricity


Label:
Quarrying of ornamental and building stone, limestone, gypsum, chalk and slate


Label:
Operation of gravel and sand pits; mining of clays and kaolin


Label:
Support activities for petroleum and natural gas extraction


Label:
Processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs


Label:
Building of ships and floating structures


Label:
Repair and maintenance of ships and boats


Label:
Construction of railways and underground railways


Label:
Construction of utility projects for fluids


Label:
Construction of utility projects for electricity and telecommunications


Label:
Construction of other civil engineering projects n.e.c.


Label:
Wholesale of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels and related products


Label:
Wholesale of wood, construction materials and sanitary equipment


Label:
Wholesale of hardware, plumbing and heating equipment and supplies


Label:
Wholesale of other intermediate products


Label:
Sea and coastal passenger water transport


Label:
Service activities incidental to water transportation


# Parameters

Description:
Concentration in muscle meat of fish or fishery products


Description:
Mortality rate / Mortality rate from fishing (F)


# ThresholdSources

Description:
Common Fisheries Policy - Data Collection Framework (DC-MAP)


Description:
Drinking Water Directive (80/778/EEC) as amended by Directive (98/83/EC)


Description:
Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (85/337/EEC)


Description:
Regulation on contaminants in foodstuffs (EC 1881/2006)


Description:
General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean


Description:
Prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species (Regulation 1143/2014)


Description:
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas


Description:
International Maritime Organisation (MARPOL, Ballast Water Convention, Antifouling Convention)


Description:
Integrated Pollution Prevention Control Directive (96/61/EC)


Description:
UNECE Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution


Description:
North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission


Description:
Directive on National Emission Ceilings for certain pollutants (2001/81/EC)


Description:
Placing of plant protection products on the market (Regulation EC/1107/2007)


Description:
Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (EC 1907/2006)


Description:
Major Accidents (Seveso) Directive (96/82/EC)


Description:
Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC)


# Units

Description:
Decibels reference 1 microPascal squared second


Description:
number of items per kilogram of dry weight


